How to prepare for IVF
What genuinely helps
Stop smoking. Both partners. It affects egg and sperm quality and is associated with poorer IVF outcomes.
Address weight if relevant. In PCOS, 5 to 10% weight loss can restore ovulation. But weigh this against time — for an older woman with reduced reserve, months spent on weight loss may cost more than it gains.
Correct what is correctable. Thyroid function, vitamin D deficiency, diabetes control, and raised prolactin.
Folic acid at least 400 micrograms daily, started before treatment.
For the male partner: the three-month lead time matters. Sperm production takes roughly 72 to 90 days, so any change needs that long to show. Stop testosterone and anabolic steroids — including anything from gym supplements, a recognised hidden source. Reduce heat exposure. Moderate alcohol.
What is oversold
Supplements. A Cochrane review of 90 trials in 10,303 subfertile men found a possible live birth benefit that disappeared when high-risk-of-bias studies were removed. Evidence rated very low certainty and inconclusive, with insufficient evidence for any specific product.
DHEA — ESHRE (2026) recommends against it, in both low and normal responders. Strong.
Growth hormone — not recommended in normal responders or PCOS. Strong.
Special diets. No specific diet has been shown to improve IVF outcomes. General healthy eating is worthwhile; restrictive protocols are not evidenced.
Questions to settle before you start
- Your live birth rate per cycle started, in my age band
- What protocol and dose, and why
- What happens if I respond poorly, or too well
- Which add-ons are being recommended, and what evidence supports each
- Total cost including medication, and what a cancelled cycle costs
- What happens if no embryo is suitable for transfer
That last one is worth asking in advance rather than discovering mid-cycle.
On add-ons specifically
The ERA test is red-rated by the UK regulator. PGT-A has not been shown to increase live birth rates for most patients. Endometrial scratch, immunological testing and intralipids are not supported.
If an add-on is offered, ask what evidence exists that it increases live births in someone like you.
Practically
Clear your calendar around retrieval. Arrange someone to accompany you. Understand the injection schedule before day one — most people find it easier than feared, but the first evening is smoother with preparation.
Emotionally
The two-week wait is difficult, and the pressure of a cycle strains relationships. Fertility counselling exists for this and using it is not a sign anything has gone wrong.
Frequently Asked Questions
What should I eat before IVF?▾
A Mediterranean diet pattern — rich in vegetables, legumes, whole grains, olive oil, and oily fish — is the most evidence-supported dietary approach for IVF. Avoid processed foods, trans fats, and limit alcohol and caffeine to under 200mg/day. Start dietary changes at least 3 months before your cycle.
Which supplements actually help with IVF?▾
Evidence-supported supplements include: folic acid (400–800mcg daily, start 3 months before), CoQ10 ubiquinol (200–600mg for egg quality, especially over 37), Vitamin D (correct deficiency to >30 ng/mL), and omega-3 DHA. Inositol is beneficial for PCOS. For male partners: CoQ10, zinc, selenium, Vitamin C+E.
Can exercise affect IVF outcomes?▾
Moderate regular exercise before IVF is beneficial. During the stimulation phase (2 weeks of injections), avoid high-intensity exercise as enlarged ovaries are at risk of torsion. Walking and yoga are ideal during stimulation.
Does stress affect IVF success?▾
Severe chronic stress may affect IVF outcomes, though the research is mixed. Anxiety and depression are very common during IVF. Evidence-based approaches include mindfulness, CBT, and peer support. Acupuncture may help reduce anxiety. Having a plan for if cycles fail, and honest partner communication, significantly reduces distress.